Baby Growth Month by Month

2 weeks old

CMS Development — Thu, 15 Apr 2021 11:24:50 +0000

Now that you and Baby have been hanging out for a few weeks, you probably know each other a lot better than you did when you first met, right? Does they have a favorite movie? Favorite color? Favorite way to be held that helps them sleep? That’s more like it. This time spent together still doesn’t change the fact that Baby hasn’t had too many chances to work on their communication skills, though, so the two of you may still have your share of misunderstandings. Luckily for you, in these early days, Baby has a pretty limited number of interests, so if they is asking you for something, there’s a good chance that that something is either a snack, a nap, a clean diaper, or your attention.

As Baby grows, they will get a lot better at letting you know what they needs, and you’ll get even better than you are now at figuring out what they is trying to tell you. They is also going to grow into a new set of hobbies, though – they won’t always be so captivated by ceiling-fans, for example. New interests might make it harder to run through a checklist of what Baby is trying to tell you, but they’ll also probably make Baby a bit more fun to play with. But for now, until the umbilical stump falls off, at least, Baby is going to be spending most of their waking hours staring up at the world from their back, thinking “there sure is a whole lot more going on over here than there was in the womb.”

Stump or no stump though, Baby probably spends most of their time asleep, which can get in the way of developing other interests. Newborns regularly sleep as much as 17 hours (not in a row, of course), but Baby is also probably finding a little time to bring their hands up to their face – a great way for them to get started on honing their fine motor skills. Today they is bringing their little fingers up near their face, but a few tomorrows from now, they could be doing calligraphy, or dismantling a space shuttle – you never know how those fine motor skills are going to come in handy.

Baby will continue to adjust to this big, bright new world over the coming weeks, months, and years, but for now, the best way you can help get them accustomed to their new home is simply to show them as much love as possible.

Milestones

Thumbsucking: Many babies begin sucking their thumbs in the womb, and maintain this interest over the next several months, at least. Some babies take a bit of time to warm up, so it’s very common to notice thumbsucking start anytime over the first few months.

Umbilical stump falls off: The umbilical stump typically falls off between 1 and 3 weeks after birth. After the stump falls off, it’s a-okay to start introducing an activity that will become part of Baby’S routine soon: tummy time.

Smiling and newborns

CMS Development — Wed, 17 Feb 2021 17:14:47 +0000

Seeing a baby smile is one of the greatest joys in life, but it may seem like forever until Baby starts smiling.

When do newborns start smiling?

You might be wondering when they will begin smiling back at you when you talk to them, or you might have noticed a reflex smile in their sleep. Most newborns begin to smile between 6 and 12 weeks, but everyone is different, so you might notice Baby smiling before or after that. A smile is a sign that Baby’s vision is developing and their cognitive awareness is improving. It’s also a sign that they wants to start communicating with you.

Why babies smile

Babies use smiling to communicate with you, and begin making facial expressions both in the womb and after birth. Smiling at Baby allows them to start to learn and mimic your facial expressions, and you can start to encourage them with your expressions as early as their first few weeks. You will be able to tell the difference between a reflex and learned smile by Baby’s reaction to outside stimuli – as Baby gets older and more aware of the world around them, if a smile seems like a response to something, it probably is. Often during a “real” smile, their entire face will light up and you will see the smile in their eyes.

What’s next?

Once Baby begins smiling, they will repeat this behavior as long as you encourage it. To encourage smiling, try talking to them often, making funny faces, starting a tickle war, or, as they gets a little older, maybe between 5 and 7 months, playing peek-a-boo. Pretty soon, you might notice those first adorable newborn giggles, so get excited!

Sources

Ioana Patringenaru. “Babies smile to make their moms smile back.” University of California. Regents of the University of California, September 23 2015. Web.
“Developmental Milestones: 3 Months.” Healthy Children. American Academy of Pediatrics, June 1 2009. Web.

Your newborn’s hearing in the first month

CMS Development — Wed, 17 Feb 2021 10:42:15 +0000

Unlike Baby’s vision, which takes some time to develop once they is born, their hearing is almost fully developed after birth.

How your newborns hearing may develop the first month

Newborns can hear well, but not perfectly because their inner ears are often filled with fluid and are generally underdeveloped. This is why Baby responds so well to exaggerated and high-pitched sounds, and may startle at other unfamiliar sounds. Baby was probably born with the ability to distinguish their mother’s voice and respond to it above all others because of their time in the womb. Other voices that are familiar from their time in the womb may also ring a bell for them early on, including sounds like music that they heard often before they was born. Sounds that are new to them at birth may take a little longer to become familiar, but the more your family talks and sings to them, the better they will know the sound of your voices, so make sure to communicate with them early and often.

Testing

Chances are that Baby’s hearing was tested at birth, as most states mandate newborn hearing screenings — if not, have it tested within the next 2 months. The two types of newborn screenings are automated auditory brainstem response, and otoacoustic emissions. Both are very quick and painless, and monitor how Baby‘s ears and brain respond to clicking sounds. You should talk to the doctor if you have any questions about when and how to test Baby‘s hearing.

Early identification of hearing loss

Identifying hearing loss early is important because babies learn so much, both about how to speak, and about the world around them from sound. Some newborn hearing tests can miss smaller hearing loss, so pay attention to Baby’s development and how things seem to be progressing, and not just the tests. If they does not respond to loud sounds or react to your voice, talk to the doctor. Many factors can influence hearing problems, including genetics, infections, trauma, and damaging noise levels. As Baby ages, have their hearing checked regularly by the doctor.

Sources

“Can your baby hear?” American Academy of Pediatrics. American Academy of Pediatrics, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Web.
“The necessity of early intervention in hearing.” ENT net. American Academy of Otolaryngology, 2016. Web.
“Parents.” Hear and Now. National Center for Hearing Assessment and Management. Web.
“Your Baby’s Hearing and Communicative Development Checklist.” National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. National Institutes of Health, March 6 2017. Web.

Why do some newborns lose weight?

CMS Development — Tue, 05 Jan 2021 11:41:46 +0000

When you and Baby go in for your first wellness check-up after birth, don’t be alarmed if they has lost a little bit of weight.

Newborn weight-loss

It is completely normal for formula-fed newborns to lose up to 5% of their body weight, and breastfed newborns to lose between 7% and 10% of their body weight in the first 5 to 7 days of life. Most newborns will return to birth weight by their tenth to fourteenth day of life.

So why do newborns lose weight?

In breastfed newborns, a large part of this weight loss is caused as Baby adjusts to the shift in milk content. Colostrum is the first breast milk your body produces, and it has a yellowish color, as well as a higher fat content and more concentrated nutrients than transitional and mature breast milk. Colostrum changes to transitional milk over the first 2 to 5 days, then mature milk by the end of the first couple of weeks. Another reason why both breastfed and formula-fed newborns can tend to lose weight is that they are not born with the skills they need in order to eat, after having spent all their time in the womb receiving what was essentially IV nutrition. Sometimes it takes them a little while to get the hang of it, either by not feeding as efficiently as they could, or by falling asleep mid-feed or sleeping through feedings, which can trick new parents into thinking they’re full when really they could use a bit more to eat. Some newborns lose additional birthweight by shedding the water weight gained through IV fluids mom received during labor.

Is there ever any cause for concern?

Your newborn losing weight may seem like a big problem, when in actuality it’s quite common – almost the norm, even. However, if Baby is losing weight, seems overly sleepy all the time, and isn’t producing about six wet diapers, and three or four dirty ones throughout the day, this may be cause for concern. If you are concerned about their weight loss, you can always ask the doctor, as he or she will have a vast amount of experience dealing with baby weight.

Sources

Julia Bunim. “Study Shows Some Newborns Lose Weight Much Faster than Previously Recognized.” University of California San Francisco. The Regents of the University of California, December 1 2014. Web.
Caroline J. Chantry, et al. “Excess Weight Loss in First-Born Breastfed Newborns Relates to Intrapartum Fluid Balance.” Pediatrics. 127(1). Web. January 2011.

11 weeks old

CMS Development — Thu, 26 Dec 2019 16:13:52 +0000

Now that Baby is almost a quarter of a year old, many new parents are starting to feel like they’re due for a night out, infant-free. Feeling ready to have an evening of acting like an adult who gets to spend time with other adults doesn’t mean you feel ready to actually not be around Baby for long enough to make that happen. It’s a rite of passage, both for you and for Baby, though if you don’t feel ready yet, there’s no reason to rush.

At this point in Baby’s life, they has probably settled into more predictable routines than the chaos of their earliest babyhood. Even there are a few hiccups in their eating and sleeping routines, they probably doesn’t seem like they is going out of their way to be confusing. Be prepared for that to change for a little while, though – if Baby isn’t in the middle of one right now, there’s a good chance they is headed straight for a big growth spurt.

You’ll know Baby is heading into a growth spurt not just because your once-tiny Baby is suddenly looking a little bit taller, but because they will end up with more of an appetite than you’re used to. Instead of just eating more at each feeding, though, there’s a good chance they will be getting hungry more often, too. This can disrupt napping schedules, and nighttime sleep as well. Before too long, though, they will settle into a brand new, slightly bigger, normal – at least, until their next growth spurt.

In the meantime, it’s never too late – or too early – to hone your napping skills, both in terms of getting Baby’s naptime routine, and in terms of getting a few extra hours of sleep yourself, now and then. Part of taking care of Baby is taking care of yourself, and if they is feeling sleepy, it only makes sense that you might be, too!

Baby is probably continuing to get more verbal, and more in touch with their surroundings, extending to their home, family, and the other major players in their life. Social smiles either increase, or are getting closer and closer to arriving. Baby is settling more and more into a routine every single day.

Milestones

2 feet tall (60 cm): Most infants might not hit this height until closer to or after the 3-month mark, but some extra-tall babies will already have gotten here. This sounds pretty tall, we know, but there’s still plenty of room to go up from here.
Brings both hands together: Watch out for this one! Baby might have touched their hands together before, but it probably wasn’t overly intentional. Around this time Baby is gaining a lot of small motor coordination which allows them to do very complicated tasks, like bringing their hands together. Next up, clapping!

9 weeks old

CMS Development — Thu, 05 Sep 2019 10:05:15 +0000

These days, what Baby thinks of as ‘playing’ you might call ‘flailing their hands and arms out without any apparent plan whatsoever.’ But these seemingly random movements keep them amused, build their muscle control, and teach them about the world. So really, this flailing a more important activity than it sounds. And sooner or later, all of these random movements are going to evolve into intentional movements. First it might just be exploring their face, but in no time at all, Baby will be using their hands to explore YOUR face! And by that, we mean poke you in the eye.

To this end, Baby is pretty busy figuring out their own hands – first they has to learn that they’re there – they might have reached this step already – and then they needs to make the connection that these strange, five-fingered things are a part of them. After that, they’ll probably decide that their hands are pretty neat, and spend some time playing with them.

All of this playing with their hands and fingers may mean it takes a little while longer before Baby starts to care too much about the many fun and exciting toys that may be taking up space in your living room. Like any good explorer, after discovering their hands, Baby may move on to exploring their feet, before moving on to unknown territory like blocks, rattles, and other brightly-colored baby toys. However, it’s likely that really engaging with these toys won’t happen for a few more months still.

You don’t need to wait for Baby to start to care about toys before the two of you can start to play, though. In fact, the best type of play for Baby right now is the kind that’s directly tied up in interacting with you. Baby’s fascination with their own fingers is just one way that Baby is more interested in other people than they is in any toy right now. Dancing with Baby, singing to them, and making silly faces are all great ways to start to play with them without having to wait for them to hop on the ‘toys’ train. In fact, it’s socializing activities like these that may help them make more developmental progress than anything else, physically, mentally, and socially.

Milestones

Raise head up while lying on his back: Stage 2 of The Baby Sit-up Practice Program, many very athletic babies are strong enough that they can lift their heads straight up while lying on their backs. This developing head control is hugely important, as many of the major milestones coming up in the next several months revolve around the ability to balance their head and neck, and sit up.

Opens and closes fists: Another important one! Around this time, Baby might start opening and closing their fists. This lets them perform a number of different tricks, and will help them self-feed and play with toys, among other things.

8 weeks old

CMS Development — Thu, 05 Sep 2019 10:05:12 +0000

Tummy time is an important part of any baby’s day, but even though it has a really, really fun name, not every baby is a huge fan of the closest thing an infant has to an exercise routine. In fact, for a lot of babies, it’s even less of a favorite time of day than bedtime. It’s important for the parents of grumpy babies who don’t much like tummy time to keep them trying it, but it’s also important to remember to take some time for you and Baby to have fun together – even if that means keeping them off of their tummy for a while.

Baby’s idea of what a game is might be a little bit different than yours right now – they probably won’t go for anything with too many rules, and checkers is right out until Baby grows out of putting things in their mouth. Just making sure you’re taking the time to laugh together, as well as glare down at the floor on your tummies together, is a great way to make sure you’re getting the time to bond, as well as to encourage their development.

Now that Baby’s umbilical stump has been gone for a little while, they has probably been getting some experience with the non-sponge-bath, and it’s hard to predict whether a baby is going to love or hate bathtime, but even the most reluctant bathers can warm up to a little splish-splash. If Baby is a little wary of getting their head wet, saving it for the end of the bath, and using a warm, wet washcloth, instead of pouring water over their head can be a good way to ease into it.

More than that, though, even if Baby isn’t a water-baby right away, with a little encouragement, a few bath toys, and a little bit of luck, the bath can be as much fun for you and Baby as tummy time sometimes isn’t.

When you do start bath time, whether in the sink or a little tub inside of a big tub, it’s important to keep an eye on Baby at all times, and to make sure that they stays warm on the way in and out of the bath. And remember, Baby probably isn’t picking up a ton of dirt and grime throughout the day quite yet (just wait until the toddler days), and so likely doesn’t need to be bathed more than every few days to a week.

Milestones

Social smiles: Although smiles for the first couple months are more reflexes than actual displays of happiness, sometime soon, it’s likely that their smiles will soon start reflecting moments of true bliss.

Awareness of fingers: Just imagine, for one second, if you can, not knowing what fingers are. Tough, huh? Baby has been using those itsy-bitsy fingers for a while now, but it’s not until a couple of months after birth that they will actually make the connection that those are their fingers to do with as they pleases.

6 parenting truths you might have learned in the first year

CMS Development — Wed, 26 Jun 2019 11:57:06 +0000

Having a baby changes you – and not just because you’re a hundred times better at napping on demand whenever you happen to get the chance than you were this time last year. You definitely are, but it’s also one of those things you don’t always notice happening until they’re done. By now, you understand all kinds of things that never occurred to you in your pre-Baby life, and it’s all understanding you got through experience, too.

You really never needed [blank]
Every new parent has that one piece (or six, or eight, or twelve) of equipment that cost way too much, and you were sure was absolutely necessary, but you never or hardly ever used it. The problem is that it’s hard to tell which piece of equipment that will be ahead of time. You never know whether Baby is going to turn out to have a strong preference for either the stroller or the sling and be completely unwilling to give the other one a shot, and your fancy changing table could turn into either an essential part of your diaper changing routine or a funny piece of furniture that’s usually too far away to do you or Baby much good.
Entering high gear
You didn’t know before you started out how much you were going to need all the sleep you could get. Sleep deprivation can feel like torture some days, but when Baby reaches the point where they can do without the 3 a.m. wakeup call, they is also all set to start getting more vocal and more mobile. This can make every bit of your newly-regained energy reserved for just keeping up with them.
Photographic evidence
There are days, especially early on in parenting, when you want to take a picture of every little move Baby makes – and this is not a bad impulse. Every day, they gets a little bigger, and they has grown enough by now that even pictures from a few months before can seem like a blast from the past.
No such thing as taboo
Everybody has a different threshold for what they consider to be off-limit subjects. But by now, not only are you bound to be a lot more comfortable talking about somebody else’s bodily functions (especially bodily fluids), but you also probably have a lot more pee, poop, or puke stories than you ever needed or wanted. Just remember – not everyone has had the same shift in point of view, so save these stories for your fellow parents.
Shift in strategy
When you started out as a parent, you probably had at least an idea about how you would be as a parent. You may have had ideas about how Baby would eat or sleep or what you and your partner would do about discipline. In practice, though, so many of the things you were planning on can go straight out the window – and maybe they should. The ideas you have before and during pregnancy are about your idea of what Baby will be like, but they is their own person, and the ideas you had ahead of time might not have fit them at all.
Relationship evolution
Having a baby changes you, and when you change, so do your relationships. This is true for all relationships, but if you’re raising Baby with a partner, it’s especially true for that relationship, since you both are growing and changing, and both face challenges you may or may not feel completely ready for. Sometimes this change in your relationship can come with growing pains like disagreements, and that’s normal, even if it doesn’t feel like it at the time. Baby isn’t the only one who’s growing, and the important thing is to work out a way that you and your partner can grow together.

Your newborn’s vision in the first month

CMS Development — Thu, 16 May 2019 09:42:56 +0000

Unlike Baby’s hearing, their vision takes a while to develop, and should be tracked throughout the first few months.

What the vision of your newborn may be like

Newborns can only see blurry shapes because they are nearsighted, so their best vision is 8 to 12 inches (about 20-30 cm) away. During this time, Baby loves to look at faces, including yours and their own, so be sure to interact frequently.

World of color:

Color vision is also developing in the first month, and by a week old, Baby will be able to see red, orange, yellow, and green. Blues and violets take longer for newborns because these colors have shorter wavelengths. Brightly colored wall hangings and toys help them to distinguish color and form, but if you want your baby to appreciate your decorating skills, steer clear of pastels, since they’re difficult for them to appreciate. Patterns and high contrast objects, like checkerboards and concentric circles, are also quite visible, and good for Baby’s eye development. Lighter tones, on the other hand, will be harder for Baby make out for a while.

Wandering eyes:

During Baby’s first months, their eyes have a difficult time distinguishing between two items and moving between two images. It takes time for Baby to actually learn to see, because their two eyes need to learn to work together. Baby’s eyes may wander or cross, but should focus and be able to track objects after the first month or so. Their eyes are also much less sensitive to light than yours, so don’t worry about leaving lights on in the nursery. Make sure to get Baby’s eyes checked at every wellness visit, and discuss any potential issues or questions with the doctor.

Sources

Mayo Clinic Staff. “Infant development: Birth to 3 months.” Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clinic, June 25 2014. Web.
“Infant Vision: Birth to 24 Months of Age.” American Optometric Association. American Optometric Association. Web.
“Newborn Eyesight.” HealthyChildren. American Academy of Pediatrics, November 21 2015. Web.

18 months old

CMS Development — Fri, 03 May 2019 08:41:40 +0000

Don’t look now, but at 18 months old, many children move out of the slow-and-steady tortoise phase of learning to speak, and instead start racing ahead like the hare. Children whose language skills take a great leap forward around this time, or a little after it, may start picking up as much as a new word every week, and may be about ready to start stringing two or more words together into phrases or even questions.

You can help encourage them along the marathon of learning to speak not just by talking to them, but by engaging them in conversations, and by waiting to hear their response. The more chances Baby gets to try their language skills out, the more chances they has to improve their understanding.

Children who are learning to speak two languages at once can have a slower start, as their minds begin to file away and process more information about languages, but bilingual children also often experience a big lurch forward into significantly more language skills. This surge may not always happen at the same time, but can follow the same pattern of slow-and-steady language growth suddenly moving into a significantly faster phase.

Their spoken words aren’t the only communication skill Baby is improving, though. They’s also working on their skills in the universal language of art, and moving towards being able to learn written language one of these days. These advances still might not be very obvious, since when you hand them a crayon and paper, the image that appears on the page still pretty much just looks like scribbles.

These scribbles are definitely a sign of progress, though, as their fine motor control improves, and they moves from gripping a crayon, marker, or pencil in their fist to holding it between their thumb and first three fingers. As they starts to be able to use a tripod position to hold a writing implement, they inches their way to being able to write words a few years down the road.

Baby’s scribbles are just one more example of the way that play is how Baby learns, and how they prepares to learn even more later as they grows. Giving them plenty of opportunities for open-ended, creative play, including imaginary play, running-around-and-throwing-or-climbing-things play, or arts-and-crafts play, can only help them make new discoveries as they grows.

Milestones

Sits in a small chair: Baby may still be strapped into their high chair for meals, but by around now, many toddlers are able to sit themselves down in toddler-sized chairs and sit there pretty steadily, if they’ve had the chance to practice a little.
Is interested in other children during play: Baby probably isn’t ready to start making friends for life with the other children they plays “with” at daycare, in playgroup, or on play dates, but they is probably moving out of the solitary play phase and into parallel play, where they is noticing and paying attention to other children they is playing near, even if they isn’t really interacting yet.

Sources

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